There are many reasons why teeth become darkened or
discolored. The vast majority of our clients are aware of some of the possible reasons why they may be experiencing discoloration. Many of the causes are “common sense” – tobacco use, for example, is a sure way to develop darkened or discolored teeth over time. Those who do not partake in commonly known stain-causing agents such as tobacco, coffee, tea, wine, or colas, are often unaware of what might be causing their teeth to become discolored. Let’s briefly discuss a few lesser-known, yet common causes of tooth discoloration.
Poor dental hygiene – No surprises here. Inadequate brushing and flossing allows the buildup of plaque and stain-producing substances (tobacco, coffee, tea, colas, wines, even certain fruits and vegetables such as berries, apples, and potatoes).
Dental materials – Some materials used in dentistry, such as amalgam restorations, especially silver sulfide-containing materials, can cast a gray-black color to teeth.
Disease – Several diseases affect enamel (the hard surface of the teeth) and dentin (the material under enamel). Systemic postnatal infections such as measles, chicken pox, streptococcal infections, and scarlet fever can lead to varying degrees of discoloration. Treatments for certain conditions can also affect tooth color including chemotherapy and head and neck radiation. In addition, certain infections in pregnant mothers can cause tooth discoloration in the infant by affecting enamel development.
Aging – As you age, the outer layer of enamel on your teeth gets worn away revealing the natural yellow color of dentin.
Medications – The antibiotics tetracycline and doxycycline are known to discolor teeth when given to children whose teeth are still developing (before the age of 8). Mouth rinses and washes containing chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride can also stain teeth. Antihistamines, antipsychotic drugs, and antihypertensive medications also cause teeth discoloration.
Genetics – The brightness and thickness of enamel varies from person to person.
Environment – Excessive fluoride either from environmental sources (high fluoride levels in water) or from excessive use (fluoride applications, rinses, toothpaste, and other supplements) can cause discoloration. A lack of vitamins C and D, calcium, and phosphate may also play a role.
Trauma – Dental injuries can disturb enamel formation in young children whose teeth are still developing. Adult teeth are also susceptible to discoloration by trauma.
There are several options in the field of cosmetic dentistry to correct tooth discoloration.
Contact Dr. Michael Iott & Associates today for more information, or to set up a consultation.
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